Template for DNA cleanup

DNA can undergo changes over the course of an individual's life, and these changes can be influenced by both internal and external factors.

• Replication Errors: Every time a cell divides, it must replicate its DNA. This process is generally very accurate, but errors can occur. Although many of these errors are corrected by cellular repair mechanisms, some can persist. These mutations can accumulate over time.
• Environmental Factors: Various environmental factors can cause DNA damage. These include ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, which can lead to mutations, particularly in skin cells. Other environmental mutagens include certain chemicals (found in some pollutants, cigarette smoke, and certain industrial chemicals) and radiation (like X-rays and gamma rays).
• Oxidative Stress: Cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a byproduct of metabolism. These ROS can damage DNA, as well as proteins and lipids. While cells have mechanisms to neutralize ROS, this system can be overwhelmed, leading to oxidative stress and resulting in DNA damage.
• Diet and Lifestyle: Factors like diet, exercise, and stress can indirectly affect DNA integrity. For instance, a diet high in antioxidants can help neutralize ROS, thereby potentially reducing DNA damage.
• Aging: As a person ages, the efficiency of the cellular repair mechanisms decreases, and the cumulative effects of DNA damage can become more significant. This is one of the reasons why the risk of cancer increases with age.

It's important to note that not all DNA changes are harmful. Some changes are neutral, and others can even be beneficial, contributing to genetic diversity and evolution. However, certain changes, particularly those that affect key genes involved in cell growth and division, can contribute to diseases like cancer.

Even though maintaining a healthy lifestyle helps protect your DNA, gradual degradation is inevitable. At 60, your DNA is not in the same state as when you were 30. However, thanks to stored records from your youth, medical intervention that can add healthy decades to your life by repairing its severely damaged parts will soon be possible.